Summary Writing- Know more about
What is a summary?
- Summary is a brief and concise information or content or presentation.
- It conveys main ideas, from original written content.
- It is an important language skill.
- Summary enables one to speak what is required and to write what is necessary.
- It is done quite precisely and coherently.
- There should be logical link between the main ideas or points.
Purpose of Summary Writing
The purpose of summary is to give the reader a clear objective picture or main ideas of the original text.
Do this-
- Read and re-read the passage.
- Understand the content of the passage.
- Read the instructions.
- Find exactly what you need to summarise.
- Identify the main idea.
- Make short sentences on your own.
- Connect the sentences using linkers.
- Remove unnecessary words and sentences from the important sentences.
- Omit details, statistical information, examples.
- Avoid your own interpretation.
Don’t do this-
1) include extra information
2) exclude important details
3) add information
4) comment on the topic
5) give examples or statistics or dates
Steps for summary writing –
1: Read the extract twice.
2: Think about the purpose of writing.
3: Identify the main idea.
4: Write the first draft.
5: Revise your first draft and edit it.
6: Write the final draft.
Features of Good summary
- Contains only main points of the text or lecture.
- No examples, no details such as dates, numbers, statistics, etc.
- No describing words, definitions, repetitions, comparisons etc.
- Use of content words
- Connection of the core information with proper linking words or connectors.
- No own opinion or interpretation of summary writer.
- No use of quotations, anecdotes, examples etc.
Activity No. 1
Q. Write a summary of the following passage with the help of the given points/hints. Suggest a suitable title.
| Dog ——- man’s most loyal friend —– devoted to his master —– at all times —– loves and guards his master —— loyal even in death. |
| In this selfish world, man has one friend who is totally unselfish. That is his dog. He is never ungrateful. He never leaves his master. A man’s dog is loyal to him in wealth and property, in health and sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground when the winter is severe. His only wish is to be with his master. Even when his master has no food to offer, the dog licks his hand. He guards the sleep of his master as though he were a prince. When all other friends desert his master, he remains. He is as steady in his love as the sun in his journey through the Heavens. Even if the master becomes friendless and homeless, the faithful dog remains true to him. He guards his master against dangers and fights against his enemies. Even when the master dies and his body is buried in the cold ground, the dog does not leave him. He stays by the grave side, his head between his paws and his eyes sad. But he is always alert and watchful, faithful and true even in death. |
Answer:
Man’s Best Friend
The dog is an unselfish, faithful, and loving friend of man. He follows his master whether he is rich or poor, healthy or sick. A man may lose his fame, money or friends, but never his dog. Even during his worst misfortunes, the dog protects his master and fights against his enemies. When the master dies, the dog watches over his grave.
Remember:
- Reduce the length of the passage.
- Write the summary in a single paragraph.
- Give a title to your summary.
- Write the summary in your own words – with the help of main points.
- Include only the main ideas.
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Activity No. 2
HSC Board Exam February 2023
Q. Write a summary of the following passage with the help of the given points/hints. Suggest a suitable title.
| Govt. of India promoting medical tourism….. Side effects of the medical tourism – Response of the Indian population Prospects of medical tourism in India. |
| The government of India is encouraging medical tourism in the country by offering tax benefits and export incentives to the participating hospitals. Medical visas are being cleared quickly without any hassles. With a view to facilitating the growth of medical tourism industry, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare along with the Ministry of Tourism has set up a task force to evaluate the opportunities in the industry. Efforts are being made to standardise procedures and to guide foreign patients to select the hospitals most suited to their needs. Meanwhile, several private hospitals are seeking to take advantage of the booming medical tourism industry and are investing hugely in acquiring equipment and skills. However, medical tourism carries some risks that locally provided medical care does not. Some countries like India, Malaysia and Thailand have very different infectious diseases rarely found in Europe and North America. Exposure to diseases without having built-up natural immunity can be a hazard for weak individuals specially with respect to gastrointestinal diseases like Hepatitis A, amoebic dysentery etc., which could slow down the recovery process. Also, medical tourists may be at risk from mosquito-transmitted diseases, influenza and tuberculosis. The quality of post- operative care can also vary dramatically depending on the hospital and the country. Finally, after returning home, a patient has a limited contact with their surgeon. This may make it difficult to deal with any complications that may arise later, such as a delayed infection. The concept of medical tourism raises some important questions regarding accessibility, affordability and ethics in medical care. It is unfortunate that a large section of the Indian population has little or no access to private health care. Public health care system is inadequate and lacks proper infrastructure and facilities. One wonders if it is sensible to make provisions for medical tourism in a democratic country like India, which has failed to provide nourishment, sanitation and health care to its masses. |
Answer-
Medical Tourism
The government of India offers tax benefits, export incentives and hassles free visas for encouraging medical tourism. Ministry of Health and Ministry of tourism finding the opportunities in this field. Standard procedures and guidance are given to foreign patients to select suitable hospitals. Several private hospitals investing hugely to seek advantage of this opportunity. Medical tourism can also create risks of affecting with rare infectious diseases and mosquito transmitted diseases. Limited contact with the foreign surgeons may create difficulties to patients. Most of the Indians have unavailability of private health care. Public health care system is not proper in India. So, it is hard to say that medical tourism is sensible to India.
Activity No. 3
Non- textual passage
Q. Write a summary of the following passage with the help of the given points/hints. Suggest a suitable title.
| Concept of smart city————- functions———— involved services———— benefits to people |
| A smart city is a place where traditional networks and services are made more efficient with the use of digital solutions for the benefit of its inhabitants and business. A smart city goes beyond the use of digital technologies for better resource use and less emissions. It means smarter urban transport networks, upgraded water supply and waste disposal facilities and more efficient ways to light and heat buildings. It also means a more interactive and responsive city administration, safer public spaces and meeting the needs of an ageing population. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology, and various physical devices connected to the Internet of things network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and connect to citizens. Smart city technology allows city officials to interact directly with both community and city infrastructure and to monitor what is happening in the city and how the city is evolving. ICT is used to enhance quality, performance and interactivity of urban services, to reduce costs and resource consumption and to increase contact between citizens and government. Smart city applications are developed to manage urban flows and allow for real-time responses. A smart city may therefore be more prepared to respond to challenges than one with a conventional “transactional” relationship with its citizens. Many cities have already adopted some sort of smart city technology. |
Answer-
Smart city
| A smart city employs digital solutions to enhance traditional networks and services, benefiting residents and businesses. Beyond optimizing resource use and reducing emissions, a smart city involves improvements in urban transport, water supply, waste disposal, lighting, heating, and city administration. It integrates information and communication technology to optimize city operations, enhance services, and engage with citizens. Smart city technology facilitates direct interaction between officials, the community, and city infrastructure, enabling real-time monitoring and responsiveness. The use of ICT aims to improve urban service quality, performance, and interactivity while reducing costs and increasing citizen-government contact. Many cities have already embraced various smart city technologies. |
See More:
How to prepare for the HSC Board Exam
HSC Board July / September Exam
Activity Sheets with answers
1) July 2022
Prose- 2022
Poetry- 2022
2) July 2023
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